The east and north by nearly 107.628 km² Dong Thap ranked 4th in the Mekong Delta province of Kien Giang area following, Ca Mau and Long An province, north west of Cambodia near the long border with 100 km, south and southwest borders Kien Giang province approximately 69.789 kilometers to the southeast, bordering the city of Can Tho.

There are two distinct seasons: the raining season is from May to November and the dry season from December to April next year. The annual average temperature is about 27°C. The highest temperature is 35°C- 37°C from April to May and the lowest is 20°C- 21°C from December to January the following year. In general, the climate conditions are favorable for agricultural development. An Giang is affected by 2 winds: the southwest monsoon and the northeast monsoon. The former is cool and humid, creating the raining season, the latter creates hot and dry weather.

• Cloud: The cloud is relatively inconsiderable, increasing in the raining season. During the dry season, it is cloudy but sunny. The monthly average cloud volume during the dry and raining season is respectively 3,1/10, and 6,9/10.
• Sunshine: An Giang is one of provinces having the highest sunshine in Vietnam. The average sunny hour is 10 hours/day, decreasing to 7 hours/day during the raining season.
• Temperature: the avreage temperature is high and stable. The variation between raining and dry months is 1,5°-3°; in raining months: about 1°. The highest temperature occurs in April, varying about 36°- 38°; the lowest temperature occurs in October, about under 18° (in 1976 and 1998).
• Wind: The dominant wind occurs in the dry season is northeast and in the raining season is southwest. The average speed is about 3 m/second. An Giang suffers less storm because it is an inland province.
• Rain: the rainy season starts in May and ends in November, reaching an annual rainfall of 1,400-1,500mm. The total rainfall during the raining season accounts for 90% of the annual rainfall. Heavy rains coincide with the Mekong River in full spate flood the province, affecting seriously the production and living.
• Vaporation: During the dry season, the vaporation increases to a monthly average of 110 mm/month (160 mm/month in March) because of excessive sunshine and low humidity, but decreases to an average of 85 mm/month during the raining season (52 mm/month in September and October).
• Humidity: the humidity is lower than 80%, staring form December and lasting until next April.

In addition, there are also weather phenomena of tornados, hails, droughts, and effects of Elnino và Lanina. 

Land resources: An Giang has 37 different kinds of land, forming 6 main groups of land, in which the group of alluvial land takes the most part–151,000 ha (making up 44.5% of the natural land) that is very favorable for crop plants; alum alluvium land is over 93,800 ha (making up 27.5% of the natural land); the group of local developed and ancient alluvium land is nearly 24,724 ha (making up 7.3% of the natural land); the remaining is alum land and others.

Forest resources: An Giang has over 583 ha of natural tropical forest, most of which is large leaf canopy trees with 154 kinds of valuable and rare trees belonging to 54 families. Besides, there are 3,800 ha of indigo forest. The forest area has been rapidly reduced after a time. The provincial authorities have paid much attention on afforestation recently. The fauna of An Giang is also rich with several valuable and rare species.

Aquatic products resources: An Giang has two big rivers of Tien and Hau that belong to Mekong River system. Together with the system of canals, ponds and lakes, these are huge aquatic product resources that are favorable for the development of fish breeding in floating houses and ponds, and aquaculture in fields.

Mineral resources: An Giang has more mineral resource than other provinces of the Mekong River Delta such as granite, sandstone, tile clay, kaolin, peat, shells, puzzoland, feldspars, bentonite, sand, gravel, etc. that meet the requirement for construction material for the region. However, the province must pay attention on the balance between exploitation and the protection of the ecology and environment.